Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that affects the lining of the lungs, chest, abdomen, or heart. It is caused by prolonged and repeated exposure to asbestos. The symptoms of mesothelioma can take years, if not decades, to develop after exposure to asbestos. These symptoms can include shortness of breath, chest pain, coughing, and fatigue.
If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with mesothelioma, it can be overwhelming and scary. However, there are treatment options available that can help manage the disease and improve the quality of life. In this guide, we will explore the various treatment options for mesothelioma, as well as answer frequently asked questions about the disease.
Introduction to Mesothelioma Treatment
When it comes to treating mesothelioma, there is no one-size-fits-all solution. The treatment plan will depend on various factors, including the stage of the cancer, the location of the tumors, the patient’s age and overall health, and their preferences. The goal of treatment is to manage the symptoms, slow down the progression of the disease, and improve the patient’s quality of life.
The treatment options for mesothelioma include:
Surgery
Surgery is often the first line of defense against mesothelioma. The goal of surgery is to remove as much of the tumor as possible. This can help alleviate some of the symptoms and slow down the progression of the disease. There are different types of surgery, including:
| Surgery Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) | The removal of the affected lung, the lining of the lung, the diaphragm, and the lining of the heart. |
| Pleurectomy/decortication (P/D) | The removal of the lining of the lung and chest wall. |
| Cytoreductive surgery with heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) | Surgery to remove as much of the tumor as possible, followed by heated chemotherapy that is delivered directly into the abdominal cavity. |
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy involves the use of drugs to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy is often used in combination with other treatments, such as surgery and radiation therapy. There are different types of chemotherapy drugs that can be used to treat mesothelioma, including:
- Alimta (pemetrexed)
- Platinol (cisplatin)
- Adriamycin (doxorubicin)
- Onconase (ranpirnase)
Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells. Radiation therapy can be used to shrink tumors and alleviate pain and other symptoms. There are various types of radiation therapy, including:
- External beam radiation therapy
- Internal radiation therapy
- Stereotactic body radiation therapy
Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy involves the use of drugs that help the patient’s immune system fight the cancer. Immunotherapy can be used as a standalone treatment or in combination with other treatments. There are different types of immunotherapy drugs that can be used to treat mesothelioma, including:
- Keytruda (pembrolizumab)
- Opdivo (nivolumab)
- Tremelimumab
Alternative Therapies
Alternative therapies, such as acupuncture, massage therapy, and herbal supplements, are not proven to be effective in treating mesothelioma. However, some patients may find them helpful in managing symptoms and improving their quality of life.
Clinical Trials
Clinical trials are research studies that test new treatments for mesothelioma. Clinical trials can provide patients with access to cutting-edge treatments that may not be available elsewhere. However, there are risks involved, and not all patients may be eligible for clinical trials.
How Do You Treat Mesothelioma?
The treatment plan for mesothelioma will depend on various factors, including the stage of the cancer, the location of the tumors, the patient’s age and overall health, and their preferences. Here are some of the treatment options that may be recommended:
Surgery
Surgery is often the first line of defense against mesothelioma. The goal of surgery is to remove as much of the tumor as possible. There are different types of surgery, including:
| Surgery Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) | The removal of the affected lung, the lining of the lung, the diaphragm, and the lining of the heart. EPP is usually only recommended for early-stage mesothelioma and younger, healthier patients. |
| Pleurectomy/decortication (P/D) | The removal of the lining of the lung and chest wall. P/D is usually recommended for patients with early-stage mesothelioma who are not candidates for EPP. |
| Cytoreductive surgery with heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) | Surgery to remove as much of the tumor as possible, followed by heated chemotherapy that is delivered directly into the abdominal cavity. HIPEC is usually recommended for patients with peritoneal mesothelioma. |
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy involves the use of drugs to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy is often used in combination with other treatments, such as surgery and radiation therapy. The most commonly used chemotherapy drugs for mesothelioma are Alimta and Platinol.
Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells. Radiation therapy can be used to shrink tumors and alleviate pain and other symptoms. There are various types of radiation therapy, including external beam radiation therapy and internal radiation therapy.
Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy involves the use of drugs that help the patient’s immune system fight the cancer. Immunotherapy drugs can be used as a standalone treatment or in combination with other treatments. Some of the immunotherapy drugs that are currently being studied for mesothelioma include Keytruda, Opdivo, and Tremelimumab.
Alternative Therapies
Alternative therapies, such as acupuncture, massage therapy, and herbal supplements, are not proven to be effective in treating mesothelioma. However, some patients may find them helpful in managing symptoms and improving their quality of life.
Clinical Trials
Clinical trials are research studies that test new treatments for mesothelioma. Clinical trials can provide patients with access to cutting-edge treatments that may not be available elsewhere. However, there are risks involved, and not all patients may be eligible for clinical trials.
Frequently Asked Questions About Mesothelioma Treatment
What is the success rate of mesothelioma treatment?
The success rate of mesothelioma treatment varies depending on various factors, including the stage of the cancer, the location of the tumors, and the patient’s overall health. While there is no cure for mesothelioma, treatment can help manage the disease and improve the patient’s quality of life.
What are the side effects of mesothelioma treatment?
The side effects of mesothelioma treatment can vary depending on the type of treatment. Common side effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and hair loss. Surgery can also have side effects, such as pain, infection, and bleeding.
How long does mesothelioma treatment take?
The length of mesothelioma treatment varies depending on the type of treatment and the patient’s individual circumstances. Surgery can take several hours, and the recovery process can take several weeks or months. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy can take several weeks or months to complete.
What is the prognosis for mesothelioma?
The prognosis for mesothelioma varies depending on various factors, including the stage of the cancer, the location of the tumors, and the patient’s overall health. While mesothelioma is a serious disease, early detection and treatment can improve the patient’s outlook.
Can mesothelioma be cured?
There is no cure for mesothelioma. However, treatment can help manage the disease and improve the patient’s quality of life. Clinical trials are currently underway to develop new treatments for mesothelioma.
How can I find a mesothelioma specialist?
You can find a mesothelioma specialist by asking your healthcare provider for a referral. You can also contact the Mesothelioma Applied Research Foundation, which can provide you with a list of mesothelioma specialists in your area.
What is the cost of mesothelioma treatment?
The cost of mesothelioma treatment can vary depending on the type of treatment and the patient’s individual circumstances. Treatment for mesothelioma can be expensive, and it is important to discuss your options with your healthcare provider and insurance provider.
What can I do to manage the side effects of mesothelioma treatment?
There are several things you can do to manage the side effects of mesothelioma treatment, including:
- Eat a healthy diet
- Get plenty of rest
- Exercise regularly
- Stay hydrated
- Take medication as prescribed
What should I expect after mesothelioma treatment?
After mesothelioma treatment, you will need to continue to see your healthcare provider for regular check-ups and scans to monitor the disease. You may also need to make lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking or eating a healthier diet, to help manage the disease.
How can I manage my mesothelioma symptoms?
There are several things you can do to manage your mesothelioma symptoms, including:
- Taking medication as prescribed
- Eating a healthy diet
- Getting plenty of rest
- Exercising regularly
- Attending support groups
How can I support a loved one with mesothelioma?
You can support a loved one with mesothelioma by:
- Offering emotional support
- Attending appointments with them
- Helping them make lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthier diet
- Encouraging them to attend support groups
What should I do if I have been diagnosed with mesothelioma?
If you have been diagnosed with mesothelioma, it is important to talk to your healthcare provider about your treatment options. You may also want to consider seeking a second opinion and reaching out to support groups for advice and emotional support.
What can I do to reduce my risk of developing mesothelioma?
You can reduce your risk of developing mesothelioma by avoiding exposure to asbestos. If you work in an industry that uses asbestos, be sure to follow proper safety protocols and wear protective gear.
How can I learn more about mesothelioma and its treatment?
You can learn more about mesothelioma and its treatment by talking to your healthcare provider, attending support groups, and doing your own research. The Mesothelioma Applied Research Foundation also provides a wealth of information and resources for patients and their families.
Conclusion
Mesothelioma is a devastating disease that can be difficult to treat. However, there are treatment options available that can help manage the disease and improve the patient’s quality of life. Whether you are considering surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, or alternative therapies, it is important to work closely with your healthcare provider to develop a treatment plan that meets your individual needs.
If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with mesothelioma, reach out to support groups and advocacy organizations for advice and emotional support. Together, we can raise awareness about mesothelioma and work towards finding a cure.
Closing
While this guide provides information about mesothelioma treatment, it is not a substitute for medical advice. If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with mesothelioma, it is important to talk to your healthcare provider about your treatment options. Mesothelioma is a serious disease, and early detection and treatment can improve the patient’s outlook.
If you have any questions or concerns about mesothelioma treatment, do not hesitate to reach out to support groups or advocacy organizations. Together, we can raise awareness about mesothelioma and work towards finding a cure.
